Why exceed the Sport Diving Limit?

[Deep Thought]

Why go beyond the sport diving limit?

This year has been a very-very abundant season of shipwreck diving in the Great Lakes and I want to summarize some of the adventures, wrecks I have seen and just how it was possible to pull off these dives.

*if you want to skip the gibberish, at least see the link to the cool photos that Stefan posted below.

The intent of this article is not rebreather as many of you may know that I favor, and not a trip report... but the intent is to describe the richness of resources that we have in our area if you are technical diving.  However I am not encouraging divers to rush into deep technical diving as there are many-many exceptional wrecks in the 60 – 130 foot depth range that need to be explored.  When you have developed the necessary basic experience and ready to move into deeper or technical diving, seek quality training and be prepared to invest in good quality equipment. 

So below I will give some examples of the incredible shipwrecks (Museums) that only tech divers who have invested in the knowledge, training, and equipment are able to visit. Something to consider and hopefully you will ask questions about how to..
 
I have done two trips to Sturgeon Bay to dive the Lakeland,  two trips to Presque Isle, Straights of Mackinac,  two trips to Isle Royale,  trip to dive Bradley, trip to dive Gunilda and Judge Hart,  two trips to Sheboygan,  and  trips to Milwaukee….virtually all of these dives are 200 foot and deeper.  In between these dates are basic ccr training dives at local lakes, Wazee, etc.  30-130 ffw.  Basically my fins did not dry off much this year.

Short Summary of Wrecks

Sturgeon Bay
• Lakeland – Iron hulled steam ship sank in 1924 with 30 antique automobiles. Sits upright in apx. 200 ffw, very intact, great penetration, and of course cars – think “Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang” automobile.

Presque Isle  - (Think Pirates of Caribbean)
• Cornelia Windiate – Wooden Schooner, perfectly preserved with hatch covers still in place, cabins, masts, wheel. Sank 1875 sits upright in 180 ffw.
• Typo – Wooden Schooner, one of my favorite bow sections “amazing” to swim a few yard off and see this perfectly intact bow!  Rear section is broken open, lots of artifacts, masts, rigging, bell, etc. Sank 1899 sits upright in 155 ffw.
• Norman – Steel steamship sits in 200 ffw at about 45 degree list, great penetration of engine room, front cabins, lots of artifacts.  Sank 1895.
• Florida – Wood Steamship – sank in 1897 due to collision, exposed engine with gauges, great penetration with artifacts inside including whiskey barrels on ceiling, glass lamps, stove, cooking pots, etc… sits upright in 230 ffw.
• Defiance – Wood Schooner with standing masts “Giant standing Masts” wow, very intact sits upright.  I was overwhelmed when swimming up to these giant towering masts that I could not wrap my arms around.
• Franz – Steamship sits upright in 230 ffw, very intact , nice bow cabins, pilot house.

Straights of Mackinac
• Uganda – wooden steamship, sits upright in 200 ffw – stern and  engine is exposed, galley stove sits outside on deck as cabin is gone…but otherwise very intact and interesting with midship crew cabin.

Isle Royale
• America – Steel hulled packet / passenger steamship sank 1928 in 4-80 ffw. Sits upright at about 45 degree slope, very intact great penetration.
• Chisholm Engine – triple expansion steam engine ripped out of wooden hull freighter stands upright with hull and propeller only at bottom of precipice 130 – 160 ffw. Very interesting detail, painting,  scroll work on engine,  hull section lays deeper with paint still visible, some scattered artifacts
• Emperor – Steel bulk freighter sank 1947, sits upright in 170 ffw – very intact with lots of penetration on stern, artifacts.
• Kamloops – Steel freighter – sits on its side in 200 – 260 ffw with an eclectic cargo of fence wire, wheel barrels, tar paper, shoes, tooth paste & the infamous wooden boxes of candy Lifesavers!  Abundant artifacts, ships wheel, running lights.
• Congdon “Stern” – Steel freighter sank 1927- stern section lays at steep incline with hatches beginning in 60 ffw to stern sitting in 210 ffw, intact, upright with very interesting artifacts and penetration – engine room is half full of wheat (packed oatmeal), boiler room is tricky but interesting, hit bottom so hard the rudder sits pushed up through stern cabin roof, double wheel exposed on top cabin roof.

Manistique – nearby port *20 miles from wreck
• Bradley C.D. – Steamship (think of wreck in Mackinac Cederville) steel freighter sank in 1958.  Sits upright intact in 300 – 360 ffw, amazing bow and stern section!

Rossport / Terrace Bay - Marathon
• Gunilda – Queen of all shipwrecks in Lake Superior, this luxury yacht sank in 1911 and sits upright off McGarvey shoal in 260 ffw, near town of Rossport.  Aside from colorful, paranoid, schizophrenic residents of the town who impose their views…this is one of the most beautiful shipwrecks in the world.  Very dark, and often silty water, cool temps.  Artifacts from all wheels, binnacles, running lights, masts, piano, gold leaf on bow, etc…must see!
• Judge Hart – nearby off Pic Island, Nyes Provincial Park between Terrace Bay and Marathon.  Sometimes challenging wreck to launch boat, this wooden steamship sits upright and is one of the finest preserved wooden steamers with immaculate pilot house and stern section.  Sank in 1942 in apx. 200 ffw.

Sheboygan – all very interesting wrecks from intact to broken up.
• Gallinipper – Schooner sitting upright….
• Silver Lake – Schooner sank 1900 in apx. 200 ffw sits upright
• Walter B Allen – Schooner sank in 1880 sits upright in 170 ffw.
• Floretta – Schooner – sank 1885, broken up but interesting

Milwaukee
• Car Ferry Milwaukee – sank 1929  Steel railroad car ferry sits upright in 120 ffw, very large and interesting wreck with incredible penetration of boiler room, engine room and crew quarters.  Interior is silty but no mussel growth, and woodwork, paint and interesting details.
• Mystery Schooner – to be later identified as the M.H. Stuart – Scuttled in 1948 – the hull sits upright in 200 ffw and is an interesting dive as the hull remains fairly intact.  Nice view to swim off the wreck and see it from distance. 
• Emba – Schooner converted barge has interesting tower / elevator for rock hauling.  Sits upright in 160 ffw – although have dove this wreck prior, this year was only a bounce dive to attach a new mooring.  Nice dive nonetheless.

During this entire season, I have been diving amongst very accomplished O.C. divers and not once did I feel the need to coerce or persuade anyone about CCR’s.  Rather than twist arms, I have chosen to simply show how easy and less burden it is for me to do the same dives as the O.C. divers.  If any discussion arose about choices, it was from newly certified CCR divers exuberant to share their views…
So the point is that the O.C. divers and CCR divers have quite easily coexisted on dive boats and all have had great dives.  The myths of not being able to mix dive teams doesn’t wash in my book, as long as CCR divers are trained properly and understand the boat etiquette (not be sloth like bench hogs and slow down the momentum).  CCR divers who putz with their rigs, or do not do the proper maintenance can give CCR divers a bad rap and support the myth that CCR’s are complicated or fussy to operate.

Below is a link for some incredible underwater shots of shipwrecks from Presque Isle, including fully intact wooden schooners from 1800’s that are full of amazing artifacts.  Having traveled all over the world enjoying shipwrecks, I can say without a doubt or local bias that the Great Lakes contain the finest shipwrecks in the world!  To enjoy these time capsules, these museums you must have the skills and equipment to explore in the 160 – 200 plus depth range, of course Bradley and other are deeper…but there is a bounty of great wrecks in shallower water.  Some of these wrecks contain artifacts that I would be afraid to mention due to looting,  sad but true and if you have the right motivation I would encourage you to see these items before they are gone.  Please visit the link provided by Stefan Backhus who shot these amazing photos (yes on O.C.) and thanks again Stefan for the fun trip and great eats!



Enjoy your dives be them O.C. or CCR and if you are looking for Open Circuit technical training, please feel free to email and I am happy to assist you with training or locating an instructor in your area.  For CCR training, look no further.  Most of all please ask questions and become informed about Tech Diving before you proceed. 

Deep Thought

[joekarels]

Very Cool!
The pictures even awed my wife & son (non-divers).
Makes me want work more on beyond adv nitro & deco.
Gotta see these sites before time claims them.
On a lot of those wrecks, those must be zebra mussels covering everything, am I right?

[Deep Thought]

Yes unfortunately mussels cover the wrecks, but they have done a fine job of filtering out the water to provide 100 foot visibility.  These wrecks have been there since the 1880's and although not timeless, they are not as fragile in my mind as the wrecks and artifacts of Truk Lagoon, Chuuk.  I have seen wrecks collaps in Chuuk due to the salt water destroying the integrity of the hulls and bulkheads. In one wreck I was penetrating way too deep inside and a wall collapsed and created a total brown out, and one year to next I saw the bridge of the Aikoko totally implode.  The wrecks are fragile and divers need to be sensitive, but what amazes me is the artifacts that are still remaining - yes some nifty things like muskets have been taken...and some plates which is very sad in both cases, but the artifacts are the time bombs waiting to dissapear. 

And a note about Adv. Ean and Deco...these wreck depths are to the bottom, in many cases the wreck sits 15 - 20 feet off the bottom and depths of some of the wrecks are Deco / Extended Range depth, although you can't beat helium for a good dive 

Deep Thought

[bluefins]

What is Open Circuit Technical Training and CCR?  ???

[bluefins]

  [\quote] although you can't beat helium for a good dive    Deep Thought  [/quote]

Imagine...sounding like one of the chipmunks after diving a deep wreck  ;D

[rcojr]

Open Circuit Technical Training= Training, equipment, and techniques to dive a tank and regulator beyond 130 ft.
CCR= Closed Circuit Rebreather
The only time you sound like a chipmunk is on the bottom.
Ken Merryman has shot a lot of video with us talking to each other at depth with sound. After every show I get a lot of comments about that.
Bob

[Shooter]

it also could be when you're diving the Emperor @ 150 feet, on doubles, staged deco, and you're jammin to some fortunate son on your underwater headphones  ;D ;D ;D



excellent article Ron , for a second there I was questioning my intent to move to Florida for better diving  ???  If they only had grouper in the Great Lakes!

[Deep Thought]

I've heard reports of "giant" eelpout, lawyers, burbot at deeper wrecks on Michigan and have seen the the Milwaukee Car Ferry swarming with nice size pouts.  Back in my youth I have been known to eat a few, and despite their nasty appearance they are quite tasty.  If memory serves and someone can correct, but I think they are part of the Cod family.  The divers that report the giant burbot? were talking 4-5 footers  :o

And besides, Florida is for geriatrics!  Dive the Great Lakes

Deep Thought

[Shooter]

I have eaten it as well. I think they call it the poor man's lobster. Still doesn't compare to the real thing, though. I do  enjoy diving the Great Lakes. I have been isle royal several times. That is what inspired me to proceed with my technical training. What a difference it made having all that gas and good planning. It made for a much more enjoyable and relaxing dive. Someday I would like to take it to the next level on a rebreather. For now, I will be sticking with open circuit and moving into tri-mix. Thanks again for the great articles, pictures, and dive reports.

[jeffberry]

Tri Mix might help to make them 4 an 5 footers come back to the 30" range.
Ron I might have your benches done by the weekend!  Depends if we can finish up the regular job.
Jeff